Chemistry Project Essay

caffein is a natur wholey-occurring stimulant, tack together in several plants. caffein is water soluble, and is extracted into the brewed instill when preparing afternoon afternoon tea leaftimetime, coffee, or some other caffeinated drinks. The nearly well-kn ingest plants stamp downing caffein argon the tea plant, Camellia sinensis, coffee, yerba level, and guayusa. Although tea is kn induce to receive a tot up of health benefits, dour caffein use is known to birth unpleasant publications and detrimental impacts on health, including anxiety and insomnia, and for this reason many tea drinkers seek to relent their caffein intake. The amount of caffeine in tea tends to be low, exactly is mellowed enough to be a matter of concern for lot drinking large quantities of tea, as well as tribe unsanded to caffeine for medical reasons.The Caffeine MoleculeHow much caffeine is in tea?The caffeine nub of tea varies widely from angiotensin converting enzyme tea to the next, and depends on how the tea is brewed, but tends to be within the range of 15-70mg per 8 ounce cup. Caffeine can withal be measured in terms of milligrams of caffeine per grams of dry tea. A teaspoon of dry tea leaves tends to weigh around 2.5 grams, the amount usu everyy utilize to make a single cup, although this varies greatly by the type of tea. peerless guinea pig of the caffeine center of teas (after steeping) demonst treasure that the caffeine content of tea varied from closely 3 mg/g to 30mg/g, which would proceeds in a cup of tea containing between 7.5 mg and 75 mg of tea.In most(prenominal) cases, tea has much less caffeine than coffee a regular cup of coffee contains 80-135 mg of caffeine. However, it is important to none that these figures are per cup, non per serving, and in the case of large serving sizes, and alike with espresso and other heavily-caffeinated drinks, the caffeine per serving can be considerably higher. In the U.S. the standard de pressed serving size is 12 ounces. A recent study of technical coffee vendors in Australia found that roughly a quarter of espresso samples contained over 120 mg of caffeine per serving, about 1/8th contained 167 mg or more(prenominal) per serving, and the highest contained 214 mg per serving. The authors of this study concluded that the most often-cited figures on caffeine content of coffee tend to underestimate the actual caffeine content.How much caffeine is estimable to consume? To place these figures in perspective, the rate of flow consensus of the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists is that it is safe for pregnant women to consume up to cc mg of caffeine day by day. For the general public, the Mayo clinic recommends that 200-300 mg of caffeine daily is safe, but that 500-600 mg daily can cause a issuance of health problems.If drinking a relatively stronger tea containing 60mg / cup, 8 cups a day would be a safe amount, or 3 for pregnant women. For a weaker tea, with 30mg / cup, twice this amount would still be a safe amount of caffeine. Keep in mind that different wad respond differently to caffeine, so an amount that is safe or unpleasant for one person may not be healthy for everyone.L-theanine in tea moves with caffeine In addition to caffeine, tea also contains L-theanine theanine can interact with caffeine, allowing a smaller dose of caffeine to have a stronger effect in terms of boosting concentration and alertness. This may explain why tea seems to provide a stronger boost in alertness for some people than one would expect from its caffeine content alone.Do black, thousand, or color teas contain more or less caffeine? Many tea companies, and even some reputable entities such as the U.S. De mathematical functionment of Agriculture, have do misleading generalizations about the caffeine content of broad classes of tea. It is a widespread myth that black tea contains more caffeine than commons tea, and another myth tha t unclouded tea contains the least caffeine of all teas.Studies that have really examined the caffeine content of a large follow of different teas have consistently found that caffeine levels pull up stakes more among individual teas than across broad categories of tea such as black, white, green, oolong, or pu-erh. A study published in 2005 in the Journal of intellectual nourishment Science listed, among other things, the caffeine content of 77 different teas, and found a broad range of caffeine content among both green and black teas. Surprisingly, the tea in this study that was found to contain the most caffeine was a white tea, solidly dispelling the myth about white teas caffeine content.A more recent study in the 2008 Journal of Analytical Toxicology examined the caffeine contents of a number of teas, and found that they ranged from 14 to 61 mg per 6 or 8 oz serving, with no observable trend in caffeine concentration cod to the variety of tea. Very few tea companies hav e examined the caffeine content of a large number of samples of their teas one that has, Camellia Sinensis tea leafage House, found comparable results, that the caffeine level varies widely from one tea to the next, and does not show clear trends of caffeine levels across different varieties of teas.One possible exception to this observation is that matcha is known to contain very high levels of caffeine, consistently much higher than other teas. This is due in part to higher caffeine levels in the leaf apply to produced matcha, but it is also due to the fact that, because matcha is a powdered tea, the entire tea leaf is consumed when brewing, so a cup of prepared matcha contains 100% of the caffeine in the leaf.What determines the amount of caffeine in a concomitant tea?Caffeine protects the tetchy young leaf buds of the tea plant from being eaten by insects.There are so many different factors influencing the caffeine content of tea, that it is very hard to make generalizatio ns predicting the caffeine content of tea. Caffeine levels vary widely from one particular tea to the next. The only certain course to know the caffeine level of a particular tea is to actually test it in a laboratory.Tea can be do from different parts of the tea plant, and these parts contain different quantities of caffeine. leafage buds (tips) and younger leaves are higher in caffeine than older, mature leaves. This drill can be explained by the fact that, for the tea plant, caffeine acts a natural insecticide, serving to protect the plant against being eaten by insects. Since the tips and tender young leaves are most vulnerable to insects, these parts of the plant are highest in caffeine the older leaves are tougher and thus lower in caffeine. Tippy teas such as Yunnan Gold or Silver phonograph needle White Tea (Bai Hao Yinzhen) are thus higher in caffeine than large-leaf teas such as Lapsang Souchong, a black tea (Souchongs are made of mature leaves) or Shou Mei, a white t ea.The varietal (cultivar or specific horticultural variety) of tea plant used to produced tea can profoundly touch caffeine levels in tea. Varietal is independent of type of tea (green, white, black, oolong, etc.), and different types of tea can be produced from the same varietal. Variation in caffeine content among different varietals can lead to teas grown under similar conditions, with similar appearance and other qualities, having different caffeine levels.Roasting can also reduce the caffeine levels in tea. In the 2005 study mentioned above, one particular sample of Hojicha, a Japanese cook green tea, was found to have less caffeine even than some decaffeinated teas. Oolong teas are usually roasted to varying degrees, and can be lower in caffeine, although like all types of tea, oolong teas vary greatly in caffeine content. It should be noted that the roast processes both for hojicha and oolongs vary greatly, and the caffeine content of most of these teas has not been extens ively studied, so it is not safe to conclude that hojicha or roasted oolong is inevitably low in caffeine.The blending of tea with caffeine-free ingredients to produce flavored teas can result in a lower total caffeine content so long as less total tea leaf is used in the blend. Scenting tea with flowers or flavoring tea with essential oils of plants does not add as much weight as blending with assailable herbs, and thus does not lower the caffeine content (by weight) of the blend as much. How you brew tea affects caffeine contentThe quantity of leaf used and the length of time the leaves are steeped both directly influence the caffeine content of the final cup of tea. Using more leaves and steeping for a longitudinal time both increase the caffeine in the resulting cup. Our page on brewing tea has more discussion of how to brew tea. Can you decaffeinate your own tea by steeping it briefly in water? Short tell no. A number of sources make the claim that you can decaffeinate your own tea by making a brief infusion in hot water, and then discarding this infusion. Unfortunately, this process does not work if it did, tea companies would not have to resort to expensive and involved decaffeination processes to produce decaf tea. Caffeine tends to diffuse in hot water at the same rate as many of the chemicals responsible for the flavor and aroma of tea, so if the tea still tastes flavorful, it probably still contains caffeine.Most (but not all) herbal teas contain no caffeine Although caffeine does occur in a number of plants, the overwhelming majority of herbal teas are caffeine free. The most guiding light exception is Yerba mate. Other plants containing caffeine are very rare as ingredients in herbal tea.In addition to exploring other herbal teas, people desiring caffeine-free tea-like drinks might want to try South African rooibos and honeybush, cardinal plants which are often described as being similar to tea in flavor, health benefits, and manner of produ ction.